Define the concept stress – Life Orientation Grade 12

On this page, we help students to answer the question: “Define the concept of stress.” This definition is aligned with the South African National Curriculum Statement (CAPS) for Life Orientation Grade 12.

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Quick Answer

Stress Defined:

• The Core: A physical, mental, or emotional response to any demand or pressure (known as a “stressor”).
• The Reaction: It is the body’s way of reacting to a challenge, often triggering the biological “fight or flight” response.
• The Experience: It occurs when a person feels that the demands placed on them (likeNSC examinations) exceed their ability to cope.

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Understanding Stress in Life Orientation

In the Life Orientation Grade 12 curriculum, stress is defined as the internal state we experience when we face pressure. It is a transactional process between a person and their environment. If you believe you have the resources to handle a task, you experience “good stress”; if you feel overwhelmed, you experience “bad stress.”

1. The Biological Response (Fight or Flight)

When you encounter a stressor, your nervous system responds by releasing hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol. These hormones prepare the body for emergency action.

• Your heart rate increases.
• Your breathing speeds up.
• Your muscles tighten.

2. The Two Faces of Stress

Life Orientation textbooks distinguish between two main types of stress:

• Eustress (Positive Stress): This is short-term stress that provides the energy and motivation needed to achieve goals. For example, the “nervous energy” that helps you stay focused during exams.
• Distress (Negative Stress): This occurs when the pressure becomes too much to handle. It can lead to intrapersonal conflict, anxiety, and physical illness if not managed.

3. The General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)

According to the GAS model often found in South African textbooks, the body goes through three stages when dealing with stress:

1. Alarm Stage: The initial shock where the body prepares for action.
2. Resistance Stage: The body tries to cope with the stressor and return to normal.
3. Exhaustion Stage: If the stress continues for too long (e.g., during a difficult transition), the body’s resources are depleted, leading to excessive stress.

4. Why This Matters for Matriculants

Understanding the definition of stress helps learners identify signs and symptoms of stress early. Whether the cause is social or environmental, knowing the concept allows you to implement effective coping mechanisms to maintain your well-being.

Reference for Students:

• Subject: Life Orientation Grade 12
• Source: Focus Life Orientation Grade 12 Textbook (Chapter 1)
• Topic: Development of the self in society – Stress Management.